The thyroid gland, located in the neck, plays a vital role in regulating various bodily functions by producing essential hormones. Imbalances in thyroid hormone levels can lead to a range of health issues, from mild to severe.
As women go through different life stages, the risk of thyroid disorders may vary. In this article, we will explore the relationship between thyroid problems in women and whether age plays a significant role in their occurrence.
"Thyroid hormones are essential in the regulation of the menstrual cycle and ovulation. A thyroid that is underactive (hypothyroidism) or overactive (hyperthyroidism) can alter hormonal balance, resulting in irregular or missing menstrual periods and decreased fertility”, said Dr Prachi Benara Consultant-Birla Fertility and IVF, Gurugram.
The Prevalence of Thyroid Problems in Women
Thyroid disorders are considerably more common in women than in men. American Thyroid Association, indicates that women are up to eight times more likely to experience thyroid problems. These conditions include hypothyroidism, hyperthyroidism, thyroid nodules, and thyroid cancer.
Hypothyroidism
Hypothyroidism, characterised by an underactive thyroid gland, is more prevalent in women, especially as they age. Research says the condition is most commonly observed in women above the age of 60, but it can occur at any age.
Hypothyroidism can lead to symptoms such as fatigue, weight gain, hair loss, and cold intolerance.
Also read: World Thyroid Day 2023: Experts Explain Types Of Thyroid Disorders
Hyperthyroidism
On the other hand, hyperthyroidism, an overactive thyroid gland, also has a higher incidence in women. Grave's disease, an autoimmune disorder, is the most common cause of hyperthyroidism. As per a survey, It often affects women between the ages of 20 and 40. Hyperthyroidism may result in symptoms like rapid heart rate, anxiety, weight loss, and increased sensitivity to heat.
Thyroid Nodules
Thyroid nodules, small lumps that can develop within the thyroid gland, are more prevalent in women, particularly after the age of 40.
The Impact of Age on Thyroid Problems
While thyroid problems can manifest at any age, certain life stages in a woman's life may influence their occurrence.
Puberty and Pregnancy
Fluctuations in hormone levels during puberty and pregnancy can impact thyroid function. Women who experience thyroid issues during these phases should receive proper medical attention to ensure a healthy pregnancy and overall well-being.
Perimenopause and Menopause
Perimenopause and menopause are significant life transitions characterised by hormonal changes. These shifts can sometimes lead to thyroid imbalances. It is essential for women in this age group to be vigilant about thyroid health and seek medical advice if any symptoms arise.
Also read: Common Thyroid Medication Mistakes You Should Avoid, As Per Expert
The link between age and thyroid issues is evident, with certain conditions more likely to appear during specific life stages. Women should remain aware of the potential impact of age-related hormonal changes on their thyroid health and seek medical evaluation if they experience any symptoms of thyroid dysfunction. Regular check-ups and thyroid screenings can play a crucial role in early detection and management, promoting better overall health and quality of life.
